For a standard WiFi network antennas with 2.4 GHz are used. The range of the signal is indicated by the dBi number, the higher this is, the further the sector antenna transmits. To obtain the 360 ?° coverage of an omnidirectional antenna, several differently oriented sector antennas can be used. It is always used when large areas are to be supplied with a WiFi signal, for example several buildings, a campsite or an event site. The opening angle is smaller than in the omnidirectional antenna, while the signal strength is higher, but of course not as high as with a special directional antenna. Sector antennas are a mixture of directional and omnidirectional antennas. The 2.4 GHz omnidirectional antenna is designed for WiFi networks in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. So it may well be that the range in the different directions is different due to the particular circumstances. Nevertheless, even with omnidirectional antennas, it should be noted that the free-area range is significantly higher than in closed rooms or when many obstacles disturb the signal. The general range of the omnidirectional antenna is given in dBi, the higher the dBi number, the higher the range. Above all, it is suitable for base stations such as a router or an access point and is usually used for these purposes. Unlike the directional antenna, the omnidirectional antenna sends in all directions, covering much more area. The 2.4 GHz directional antenna is used in a WiFi network with 2.4 GHz frequency band. The smaller the angle, the more concentrated the signal and the stronger it will arrive at the destination. The size of the signal opening angle indicates how concentrated the signal is delivered. The higher the dBi number of the WiFi directional antenna, the higher is its range. A directional antenna is always useful when a signal is to be received at a greater distance and at a certain point, for example by a single device or a hotspot, which can further distribute the signal. The antenna must always be adjusted to the frequency band used.Ī directional antenna focuses the signal and amplifies it into direction.
By default, most networks are 2.4GHz frequency bands, and for special networks, 5GHz can be used. Basically, there are three different types of WiFi antennas: directional antennas, omnidirectional antennas, and sector antennas. However, the cable should not be too long, because it reduces the signal strength again. High-quality antennas can be connected to the router via a cable and thus positioned precisely. Most routers are factory-equipped with an antenna and can then be upgraded with higher-quality WiFi antennas to improve range or signal strength or to align accurately. Whenever you want to increase the range of the WiFi network or amplify the signal in a certain direction, you can use a WiFi antenna. Although an optimal point of view of the router can increase signal strength and transmission security, bridging larger areas often can not avoid using external resources.
Metallic objects redirect the signal, so that it may not arrive at all or only greatly attenuated at the device. The radio signal is mainly disturbed by obstacles such as furniture and walls and thus reduced. Especially in confined spaces, there are many confounding factors that can severely limit the range of about 100 meters that standard routers promise. However, in order to build and maintain a stable WiFi connection, several factors must be considered. The connection of various devices via WiFi has become standard, hardly anyone wants to deal with annoying cable mess.
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